POMIRENJE I NEPOMIRLJIVOST U PRIČAMA PREŽIVJELIH POSLIJE RATA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI / RECONCILIATION AND IMPLACABILITY IN NARRATIVES OF SURVIVORS AFTER THE WAR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Sažetak

Inspiracija za rad i problem(i) koji se radom oslovljava(ju): Ranija istraživanja poslijeratnih društava istakla su strukturalno nasilje sa pratećim procesima pomirenja. Autori su istakli važnost priča, ali se nisu fokusirali na priče o pomirenju niti su analizirali uvjete za pomirenje u poslijeratnim intervjuima.

Ciljevi rada (naučni i/ili društveni): Cilj članka je analizirati markere pomirenja i nepomirljivosti kao i uslove za pomirenje koji se aktualiziraju u pričama preživjelih.

Metodologija/Dizajn: Empirijski materijal za ovaj studij je prikupljen putem kvalitativnih intervjua izvršenim sa 27 osoba koji su preživjeli rat u sjeverozapadnoj Bosni i Hercegovini.

Ograničenja istraživanja/rada: Interaktivna dinamika koja je vladala za vrijeme rata povezuje pitanje poslijeratnog pomirenja sa ratnim godinama.

Rezultati/Nalazi: Priče o pomirenju, nepomirljivosti i uslovima za pomirenje ne oblikuju se samo vezano za rat u cjelini nego se povezuju i sa osobnim postupcima drugih tokom rata.

Generalni zaključak: Priče o pomirenju postaju polje za razne verbalne konfrontacije između nas i njih – posebno distanciranjem od djelovanja drugih (njih) tokom rata. U pričama intervjuisanih osoba nepomirljivost dominira ali se ujedno tvrdi da je pomirenje moguće ako se ispune određeni uslovi. Ti uslovi su između ostalog pravda za žrtve rata, da počinitelj prizna krivično djelo i pokaže snažne emocije (na primjer kajanje i sram).

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Reason(s) for writing and research problem(s): Previous research on post-war society emphasized structural violence with subsequent reconciliation processes.

Aims of the paper (scientific and/or social): Researchers have focused on the importance of narratives, but they have neither highlighted narratives about reconciliation nor analyzed conditions for reconciliation in post-war interviews. One aim of the article is analyzing markers for reconciliation and implacability, the second is describing conditions for reconciliation which are actualized in those stories.

Methodology/Design: This article analyzes retold experiences of 27 survivors from the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The material for the study was gathered through qualitative interviews with 27 individuals who survived the war in north-western Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Research/paper limitations: Interactive dynamics which prevailed during the war associate post-war reconciliation with the war time.

Results/Findings: These stories of reconciliation, implacability and conditions for reconciliation, are not created in relation to the war as a whole only but also in relation to one’s own and other’s personal actions during the war.

General conclusion: These stories on reconciliation become a forum for confrontation between us and them – not least through dissociation from others war actions. In the interviewees stories implacability is predominant however reconciliation is said to be possible if certain conditions are met. These conditions are, among others, justice for war victims, that the perpetrators’ recognize their crimes and display strong emotions (for example remorse and shame).