@article{Bašić_2014, title={Concentration Camp Rituals: An Extreme Case of Insecurity}, url={https://krimteme.fkn.unsa.ba/index.php/kt/article/view/87}, abstractNote={<p><strong>Reason(s) for writing and research problem(s):</strong>&nbsp;This article analyzes the experiences retold by&nbsp;former concentration camp detainees who were placed in concentration camps like civilians&nbsp;at the beginning of the Bosnian war in the 1990s.</p> <p><strong>Aims of the paper (scientific and/or social):</strong>&nbsp;The article aims to describe the recounted social&nbsp;interaction rituals after time spent in a concentration camp as well as identifying how these&nbsp;interactions are symbolically dramatized.</p> <p><strong>Methodology/Design:</strong>&nbsp;The empirical material for this study was collected through qualitative&nbsp;interviews held with nine former camp detainees and four close relatives.</p> <p><strong>Research/paper limitations:</strong>&nbsp;The analyzed empirical examples revealed how the camp detainees’&nbsp;victim identity is created, recreated, and retained in contrast to ‘the others’ – the camp&nbsp;guards. The camp detainees’ portrayal of their victim identity presents their humiliated self&nbsp;through dissociation from the camp guards.</p> <p><strong>Results/Findings:</strong>&nbsp;The detainees’ new (altered) moral career is presented as a result of the&nbsp;imprisonment at the camp and the repetitive humiliation and power rituals. The importance&nbsp;of the camp guards was emphasized in these rituals, in which the detainees’ new selves, characterized&nbsp;by moral dissolution and fatigue, emerged.</p> <p><strong>General conclusion:</strong> In their stories of crime and abuse in the concentration camps, the detainees&nbsp;reject the guards’ actions and the designation of ‘concentration camp detainee’. The retold&nbsp;stories of violation and power rituals in the camps show that there was little space for&nbsp;individuality. Nevertheless, resistance and status rituals along with adapting to the conditions in the camps seem to have generated some room for increased individualization. To have&nbsp;possessed some control and been able to resist seems to have granted the detainees a sense&nbsp;of honor and self-esteem, not least after the war. Their narratives today represent a form of&nbsp;continued resistance.</p> <p><strong>Research/paper validity:</strong>&nbsp;The interviewees’ rejections of the guards’ actions and their forced “camp &nbsp;” status could be interpreted as an expression of de-ritualization, leading away from their own earlier &nbsp;. The subsequently illustrated myriad of everyday interactions,&nbsp;which can be distinguished analytically &nbsp; the interviewees’ stories, expose rituals of humiliation, power, resistance, and status. Through these, &nbsp; see the interviewees’ loss of identity, others’ recognition of one’s identity, emotional involvement, and &nbsp; symbols of resistance.</p> <p><strong>Rituali u koncentracionim logorima: ekstremni slučaj nesigurosti</strong></p> <p><strong>Inspiracija za rad i problem(i) koji se radom oslovljava(ju)</strong>: Ovaj članak analizira prepričana iskustva bivših logoraša koji su kao civili odvedeni u koncentracione logore početkom rata u Bosni i Hercegovini 1990-tih godina.</p> <p><strong>Ciljevi rada (naučni i/ili društveni)</strong>: Cilj članka je opisati prepričane rituale socijalne interakcije poslije vremena provedenog u logoru, kao i identifikovati kako su te interakcije simbolično dramatizovane.</p> <p><strong>Metodologija/Dizajn</strong>: Empirijski materijali za ovu studiju su prikupljeni primjenom kvalitativnih intervjua provedenih sa devet bivših logoraša i četiri bliska rođaka.</p> <p><strong>Ograničenja istraživanja/rada</strong>: Analizirane empirijske sekvence prikazuju stvaranje identiteta žrtve u kontrastu sa drugim kategorijama, primjerice u kontrastu sa kategorijom čuvara logora. Bivši zatočenici u logorima prezentiraju svoj identitet žrtve kroz poniženje i kroz disocijaciju od postupaka čuvara logora.</p> <p><strong>Rezultati/Nalazi</strong>: Bivši logoraši predstavljaju svoju novu (izmijenjenu) moralnu karijeru kao rezultat boravka u logoru i kao rezultat rituala poniženja i rituala moći. Značaj čuvara u ritualima poniženja i moći je naglašen tako što bivši logoraši sebe predstavljaju kao ponižene i demoralisane.</p> <p><strong>Generalni zaključak</strong>: U svojim pričama o zločinima i zlostavljanju u koncentracionim logorima, logoraši odbacuju postupke čuvara kao i taj naziv ‘logoraš’. Priče o ritualima sile i moći pokazuju da je prostor za individualizam u logorima bio veoma ograničen. Ipak, rituali otpora i statusa su naizgled, zajedno sa adaptacijom na uvjete u logoru, generirali prostor za povećanu individualizaciju. Imati malo kontrole i moć pružanja otpora naizgled je dalo logorašima osjećaj časti i samopoštovanja, naročito poslije rata. Njihove priče u današnjici predstavljaju jedan oblik nastavljenog otpora.</p> <p><strong>Opravdanost istraživanja/rada</strong>: Disocijacija od postupaka čuvara logora i od naziva/statusa ‘logoraš’ se može protumačiti kao izraz deritualizacije, u odnosu na prijeratna iskustva. Deritualizacija je vidljiva i kombinaciji sa ostalim interakcijama, ali se analitički može izolirati u pričama ispitanika kroz analizu rituala poniženja, rituala moći, rituala otpora i rituala statusa. Kroz ovu analizu je jasno vidljiv gubitak identiteta logoraša, priznavanje identiteta drugoga, emocionalni angažman, i različiti simboli otpora.</p>}, number={5-6}, journal={Kriminalističke teme}, author={Bašić, Goran}, year={2014}, month={Dec.}, pages={21-33} }