Human Smuggling in the Criminal Legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Current Migration Movements

Abstract

This study analyzes the legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina regulating human trafficking at both repressive and preventive levels, with special attention to cases where perpetrators are migrants or foreign citizens. It explores case law and official reports on human trafficking crimes. The ongoing refugee crisis has increased the prominence of human trafficking in Europe, particularly affecting Bosnia and Herzegovina as a key transit point. Since 2017, rising migration combined with economic hardship has created conditions conducive to smuggling. Despite legal penalties, public perception often misinterprets trafficking as humanitarian aid. This research aims to raise awareness and propose mitigation measures, emphasizing the importance of proving third-party involvement for personal gain.